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HOMEPAGE Foreign Affairs Magazine (https://foreignaffairs.com)
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Foreign Affairs Magazine

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Foreign Affairs is the leading magazine for in-depth analysis and debate of foreign policy, geopolitics and international affairs

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The Foreign Affairs Interview podcast hosted by editor Daniel Kurtz-Phelan explores topics of global interest from the view of influential thinkers and policymakers.

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NAV_HEADING_REPEATED 2020s Foreign Affairs Magazine Archive | Foreign Affairs (https://foreignaffairs.com/issues/archive/2020/)
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Foreign Affairs — The leading magazine for analysis and debate of foreign policy, economics and global affairs.

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HOMEPAGE (https://foreignaffairs.com) Foreign Affairs Magazine
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[H2] Cuba’s Only Choice
[H3] A Deal With Washington Is the Island’s Best Hope
Michael J. Bustamante and Ricardo Herrero
[H3] China’s AI Heist
How to Counter Beijing’s Unauthorized “Distillation” Jared Dunnmon, Avanika Narayan, and Jon Saad-Falcon
[H3] The Coming Crisis of NATO Deterrence
Nuclear Guarantees Cannot Replace U.S. Forces in Europe Celeste A. Wallander
[H3] Trump’s Least Bad Option in Iran
The Logic Behind a Limited Deal Jennifer Kavanagh and Rosemary Kelanic
[H3] Iran and the Forever War Trap
In Trying to Avoid a Quagmire, America Found a Dead End Lawrence D. Freedman
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[H3] May/June 2026
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[H3] How to Fight an Economic War
A Field Manual for a Ruptured World Edward Fishman
[H3] North Korea as It Is
The Case for a Cold Peace Victor Cha
[H3] The Third Islamic Republic
A War’s Unintended Consequences—for Iran, the Middle East, and the Global Order Suzanne Maloney
[H3] The New Trade Order
Restoring Balance to a Broken Global Economy Robert E. Lighthizer Full Table of Contents Subscribe
[H3] The Right Way for Europe to Spend More on Defense
America Should Cofinance the Continent’s Rearmament Luis Simón and Stephen G. Brooks
[H3] The G-2 Reality
America and China Cannot Dominate or Exclude Each Other Zheng Wang
[H3] The War in Ethiopia Isn’t Over
How Peace Deals Are Leading to More Violence Hilary Matfess
[H3] The Middle Power Delusion
Not Choosing Is Not an Option Michael Beckley
[H3] Spotlight: The Future of Russia
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[H2] The Five Futures of Russia
[H3] And How America Can Prepare for Whatever Comes Next
Stephen Kotkin
[H3] This Is Not the World Russia Wants
A Belligerent America Is Foiling Putin’s Strategy Hanna Notte
[H3] Why Putin Still Prefers War
Russia’s Growing Resolve to Fight On in Ukraine Andrei Kolesnikov
[H3] Russia’s Descent Into Tyranny
How Four Years of War Have Remade Society Nina Khrushcheva
[H3] Trump, Putin, and Genghis Khan
A Conversation With Fiona Hill podcast
[H3] Japan’s Point of No Return
Will Washington Squander Tokyo’s New Security Commitment? Daisuke Kawai
[H3] Hormuz Is a Warning for the Indo-Pacific
The Coming Contest for Asia’s Waterways Lynn Kuok
[H3] The Crumbling Pillars of Global Peace
War, Empire, and the Forgotten Power of the United Nations Thant Myint-U
[H3] Does Trump Have a Strategy?
A Conversation With A. Wess Mitchell podcast
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[H2] How to Prevent the Next World War
[H3] A Conversation With Thant Myint-U
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[H3] Iran as Vietnam, Ukraine as Korea
Similar Wars End in Similar Ways Gideon Rose
[H3] Why Mexico’s Cartels Are So Hard to Defeat
The Real Test of Sheinbaum’s Security Strategy David Mora
[H3] Spheres by Default
How U.S. Concessions Are Quietly Becoming Chinese Influence Rebecca Lissner and Mira Rapp-Hooper
[H3] Orban’s Fall and Europe’s Rise
The Dawn of a Strange New European Consensus Ivan Krastev
[H3] Book Reviews
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[H2] The Backsliders: Why Leaders Undermine Their Own Democracies
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[H2] Africa in the World’s Time
By Translated by Jill Jarvis Zachariah Mampilly
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[H2] No Borders: Journeys Across Islands and Continents
By Wang Gungwu Pratap Bhanu Mehta
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[H2] The Oak and the Larch: A Forest History of Russia and Its Empires
By Sophie Pinkham Maria Lipman
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[H2] Cocaine: The Global Reach of the World’s Most Lucrative Illicit Drug
By Edited by Sebastián A. Cutrona and Jonathan D. Rosen Richard Feinberg
[H3] The Not-So-Quiet American
Pope Leo Takes the Vatican Where Francis Could Not Victor Gaetan
[H3] A New Order for the Gulf
The Region Must Build Its Own Security, Not Buy It David B. Roberts
[H3] What the Trump-Xi Summit Won’t Solve
A Conversation With Orville Schell
[H3] How Europe Found Its Nerve
Trump’s Overreach Has Finally Forged Continental Unity Matthias Matthijs and Nathalie Tocci
[H3] Most Read
[H3] Japan’s Point of No Return
Will Washington Squander Tokyo’s New Security Commitment? Daisuke Kawai
[H3] Trump’s Least Bad Option in Iran
The Logic Behind a Limited Deal Jennifer Kavanagh and Rosemary Kelanic
[H3] Iran and the Forever War Trap
In Trying to Avoid a Quagmire, America Found a Dead End Lawrence D. Freedman
[H3] The Middle Power Delusion
Not Choosing Is Not an Option Michael Beckley
[H3] The Coming Crisis of NATO Deterrence
Nuclear Guarantees Cannot Replace U.S. Forces in Europe Celeste A. Wallander
[H3] The G-2 Reality
America and China Cannot Dominate or Exclude Each Other Zheng Wang
[H3] Can Corporate America Protect Democracy?
In the Trump Era, CEOs Need to Define Redlines Georgia Levenson Keohane
[H3] China Was Ready for the Age of Anarchy
Why Turbulence Will Make Beijing More Assertive Sam Chetwin George
[H3] The Illusion of Reciprocity
Trump’s Self-Defeating Trade Policy Inu Manak and Allison Smith
[H3] America Has Lost Its Leverage Over China
How Trump and Xi Could Cement Beijing’s Advantage for Years to Come Henrietta Levin
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[H3] Editor’s Pick
[H2] People Over Robots
[H3] The Global Economy Needs Immigration Before Automation
Lant Pritchett
[H3] Why Violence Persists in Nigeria
And How Governance Reform Can Break the Cycle Nnamdi Obasi
[H3] The Promise and Peril of U.S.-China Summitry
What Xi Wants From Trump—and Trump Might Get From Xi Robert D. Hormats
[H3] Can Trump Get a New Nuclear Deal With Iran?
Washington Has More Demands—and Tehran Has More Leverage Matthew Sharp and Nate Swanson
[H3] China Is Squandering a Golden Opportunity
Why Beijing Has Failed to Exploit Trump’s Missteps David Shambaugh and Steven F. Jackson View All
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SUB-PAGE (https://foreignaffairs.com/podcasts/foreign-affairs-interview/) The Foreign Affairs Interview Podcast
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Apple Podcasts Spotify YouTube RSS Feed Whether the topic is the war in Ukraine, the United States’ competition with China, or the future of globalization, Foreign Affairs’ weekly podcast offers the kind of authoritative commentary and analysis that you can find in the magazine and on the website.
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Daniel Kurtz-Phelan is Editor of Foreign Affairs. He previously spent three years as executive editor of the magazine and served in the U.S. State Department, including as a member of the Secretary of State’s Policy Planning Staff. His narrative history of George Marshall’s post–World War II mission to China, The China Mission, was published by Norton in 2018 and named a best book of the year by The Economist and an editor’s pick by The New York Times Book Review. His writing has also appeared in publications including The New York Times, The Washington Post, and The Atlantic.
[H2] How to Prevent the Next World War
Thant Myint-U
[H2] Does Trump Have a Strategy?
A. Wess Mitchell
[H2] The View From the Front Row of the Trump-Xi Summit
Orville Schell
[H2] When Two Superpowers Meet
[H2] Trump, Putin, and Genghis Khan
Fiona Hill
[H2] Learning to Live With a Nuclear North Korea
Victor Cha
[H2] Is America Losing the High Ground?
Jake Sullivan
[H2] How the Iran War Is Shaping a Post-American World
Matias Spektor, Kishore Mahbubani
[H2] Will the Cease-Fire With Iran Hold?
Suzanne Maloney
[H2] America in a World of Upheaval
William J. Burns
[H2] Are Europe and the United States Finally Heading for Divorce?
Nathalie Tocci, Matthias Matthijs
[H2] How Strong Are Iran’s Strongmen?
Stephen Kotkin
[H2] Iran’s Tenacious Regime and the Future of the Gulf
Afshon Ostovar, Sanam Vakil
[H2] America’s War of Choice on Iran
Nate Swanson, Richard Haass
[H2] America the Predatory Hegemon
Stephen M. Walt
[H2] Bonus Podcast Episode: Is There an Endgame in Ukraine?
Michael Kofman
[H2] Can America’s Allies Survive the Transatlantic Rupture?
Chrystia Freeland
[H2] The Myths and Realities of Global Migration
Amy Pope
[H2] How to Navigate the Shifting International Order
Alexander Stubb
[H2] Is China Leaving the United States Behind?
Jonathan A. Czin
[H2] The Erosion of the Sources of American Economic Power
Lael Brainard
[H2] What Kind of Change Is Coming to Iran?
Karim Sadjadpour
[H2] What Comes Next in Venezuela
Phil Gunson, Juan S. Gonzalez
[H2] How the Past Shadows China’s Future
Odd Arne Westad
[H2] How Liberal Democracy Can Survive an Age of Spiraling Crises
Daron Acemoglu
[H2] The Fear and Weakness at the Heart of Trump’s Strategy
Kori Schake
[H2] America Can’t Escape the Multipolar Order
Emma Ashford
[H2] The Limits of the American Way of AI
Ben Buchanan
[H2] The Age-Old Contest Between Land and Sea
S. C. M. Paine
[H2] The Strength of Trump’s Foreign Policy
Robert C. O’Brien
[H2] Xi Jinping’s World of Treachery and Sacrifice
Orville Schell
[H2] The Crack-Up of American Democracy
Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar
[H2] America’s Two-State Delusion
Robert Malley
[H2] Will the War in Gaza Really End?
Shira Efron, Khaled Elgindy, Daniel B. Shapiro
[H2] The Reeducation of Russia’s Military
Dara Massicot
[H2] Xi Jinping’s Successor and the Future of China
Tyler Jost, Daniel C. Mattingly
[H2] Poland’s View From the Frontline of Europe
Radek Sikorski
[H2] Is America Ready for the Age of Cyberwarfare?
Anne Neuberger
[H2] The World That Tariffs Will Make
Michael B. G. Froman
[H2] Can Israel Save Itself?
Ami Ayalon
[H2] The Rise of the Economic Security State
Henry Farrell, Abraham Newman
[H2] Why Is America Going It Alone?
Margaret MacMillan
[H2] Best of: Is the World Ready for the Population Bust?
Nicholas Eberstadt
[H2] Best Of: What Drives Putin and Xi
Stephen Kotkin, Orville Schell
[H2] The Uncertain Future of U.S. Relations With India
Ashley J. Tellis, Nirupama Rao, Dhruva Jaishankar
[H2] Joseph Nye and the End of the American Century
Robert O. Keohane
[H2] The Coming Nuclear Hurricane
Vipin Narang, Pranay Vaddi
[H2] Preparing for the World After Trump
Mira Rapp-Hooper, Rebecca Lissner
[H2] What a Stronger Europe Means for America
Celeste A. Wallander
[H2] How Weak Is Iran?
Eric S. Edelman, Suzanne Maloney, Andrew P. Miller
[H2] Iran, Israel, and the Middle East in Tumult
Philip H. Gordon
[H2] What Trump Gets Wrong About the Global Economy
Adam S. Posen
[H2] Another China Is Possible
Rana Mitter
[H2] Sudan’s Intractable War
Mai Hassan , Ahmed Kodouda
[H2] Can Trump Remake the Middle East?
Dana Stroul
[H2] Has the United States Gone Rogue?
Michael Beckley
[H2] Understanding How Trump Sees the World
Nadia Schadlow
[H2] Planning for a Post-American Future in Ukraine
Jack Watling
[H2] Why Trump’s Tariffs Won’t Fix Global Trade
Kimberly Clausing, Michael Pettis
[H2] Why America Shouldn’t Underestimate Chinese Power
Rush Doshi, Kurt M. Campbell
[H2] How Latin America Can Survive an Age of Turmoil
Brian Winter
[H2] Where Is the U.S.-China Relationship Headed?
Jude Blanchette, Ryan Hass
[H2] What Does Trump See in Putin?
Fiona Hill
[H2] Where Does Ukraine Go From Here?
Nataliya Gumenyuk
[H2] Is America on the Path to Authoritarianism?
Steven Levitsky, Lucan A. Way
[H2] Why Biden’s Economic Ambitions Fell Short
Jason Furman
[H2] Putin’s Fight Won’t End With Ukraine
Andrea Kendall-Taylor, Michael Kofman
[H2] How Will the World Navigate Trump’s Return?
Malcolm Turnbull, Bilahari Kausikan
[H2] In the Room With Xi Jinping
Nicholas Burns
[H2] Is the World Ready for the Population Bust?
Nicholas Eberstadt
[H2] American Foreign Policy in a Turbulent Age
Antony J. Blinken
[H2] Total War Is Back—and America Must Adapt
Mara Karlin
[H2] Trump and the Crisis of Liberalism
Francis Fukuyama
[H2] The World of Trump 2.0
Daniel W. Drezner, Kori Schake
[H2] The Return of Political Violence
Robert A. Pape
[H2] What Trump and the American Right See in Foreign Autocrats
Beverly Gage
[H2] The View From Israel One Year After October 7
Ari Shavit
[H2] The Middle East, China, and the Case Against American Isolationism
Condoleezza Rice
[H2] Can America Still Lead the Global Energy Transition?
Brian Deese
[H2] Can India Change Course?
Pratap Bhanu Mehta
[H2] What Republican Foreign Policy Gets Wrong
Kori Schake
[H2] The Middle East’s Dangerous Escalation
Audrey Kurth Cronin, Marc Lynch, Dennis Ross, Dana Stroul
[H2] China’s Vision for a New World Order
Elizabeth Economy
[H2] Searching for an Endgame With China
Matt Pottinger
[H2] Biden, Trump, and Washington’s Wishful Thinking
Ben Rhodes
[H2] Populism’s Grip on Mexico
Denise Dresser
[H2] Iran, Israel, and America’s Future in the Middle East
Vali Nasr
[H2] Gaza and the Breakdown of International Law
Oona A. Hathaway
[H2] Russia’s Murky Future
Stephen Kotkin
[H2] Can Israel and Iran Step Back From the Brink?
Ali Vaez, Suzanne Maloney
[H2] Who Still Believes in a Two-State Solution?
Martin Indyk
[H2] Why Is Violent Conflict Reaching Record Levels?
Comfort Ero
[H2] India as It Is
Alyssa Ayres, Pratap Bhanu Mehta, Ashley J. Tellis
[H2] Netanyahu’s Israel
Aluf Benn
[H2] The Deepening Disconnect Over Gaza
Dahlia Scheindlin, Dalia Dassa Kaye
[H2] Is Anyone Still Afraid of the United States?
Robert M. Gates
[H2] The Dangers of Defeatism for Ukraine
Dmytro Kuleba
[H2] Putin’s Fragile Compact With the Russian People
Andrei Kolesnikov
[H2] How the War in Gaza Is Reshaping the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Lisa Anderson, Salam Fayyad, Amos Yadlin
[H2] America’s Dangerous Pessimism
Fareed Zakaria
7565 chars
SUB-PAGE (https://foreignaffairs.com/issues/archive/2020/) 2020s Foreign Affairs Magazine Archive | Foreign Affairs
[H1] Browse the Archive
[H3] 2026
[H3] May/June 2026
Volume 105, Number 3
[H3] March/April 2026
Volume 105, Number 2
[H3] January/February 2026
Volume 105, Number 1
[H3] 2025
[H3] November/December 2025
Volume 104, Number 6
[H3] September/October 2025
Volume 104, Number 5
[H3] July/August 2025
Volume 104, Number 4
[H3] May/June 2025
Volume 104, Number 3
[H3] March/April 2025
Volume 104, Number 2
[H3] January/February 2025
Volume 104, Number 1
[H3] 2024
[H3] November/December 2024
Volume 103, Number 6
[H3] September/October 2024
Volume 103, Number 5
[H3] July/August 2024
Volume 103, Number 4
[H3] May/June 2024
Volume 103, Number 3
[H3] March/April 2024
Volume 103, Number 2
[H3] January/February 2024
Volume 103, Number 1
[H3] 2023
[H3] November/December 2023
Volume 102, Number 6
[H3] September/October 2023
Volume 102, Number 5
[H3] July/August 2023
Volume 102, Number 4
[H3] May/June 2023
Volume 102, Number 3
[H3] March/April 2023
Volume 102, Number 2
[H3] January/February 2023
Volume 102, Number 1
[H3] 2022
[H3] November/December 2022
Volume 101, Number 6
[H3] September/October 2022
Volume 101, Number 5
[H3] July/August 2022
Volume 101, Number 4
[H3] May/June 2022
Volume 101, Number 3
[H3] March/April 2022
Volume 101, Number 2
[H3] January/February 2022
Volume 101, Number 1
[H3] 2021
[H3] November/December 2021
Volume 100, Number 6
[H3] September/October 2021
Volume 100, Number 5
[H3] July/August 2021
Volume 100, Number 4
[H3] May/June 2021
Volume 100, Number 3
[H3] March/April 2021
Volume 100, Number 2
[H3] January/February 2021
Volume 100, Number 1
[H3] 2020
[H3] November/December 2020
Volume 99, Number 6
[H3] September/October 2020
Volume 99, Number 5
[H3] July/August 2020
Volume 99, Number 4
[H3] May/June 2020
Volume 99, Number 3
[H3] March/April 2020
Volume 99, Number 2
[H3] January/February 2020
Volume 99, Number 1
1927 chars
🛡️ Trust Signals — reviews, proof links, trust-theatre flag (Trust & Proof)
141Review mentions (all pages)
3External proof links (all pages)
PageReviewsProof links
/ (home) 22 1
/subscribe/ 3 0
/podcasts/foreign-affairs-interview/ 109 1
/issues/archive/2020/ 7 1
🔗 Identity & Technical Layer — schema JSON-LD: identity chains, entity gaps (Identity & Authority)
Homepage schema
{
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@graph": [
        {
            "@type": "Organization",
            "additionalType": "NewsMediaOrganization",
            "name": "Foreign Affairs Magazine",
            "url": "https://www.foreignaffairs.com/",
            "sameAs": [
                "https://www.facebook.com/ForeignAffairs",
                "https://twitter.com/ForeignAffairs",
                "https://www.youtube.com/user/ForeignAffairsMag",
                "https://www.linkedin.com/company/foreign-affairs-magazine",
                "https://instagram.com/foreignaffairsmag"
            ],
            "logo": {
                "@type": "ImageObject",
                "url": "https://www.foreignaffairs.com/themes/fa/assets/images/FA_square_logo_small.png",
                "width": "200",
                "height": "200"
            },
            "address": {
                "@type": "PostalAddress",
                "addressLocality": "New York",
                "addressRegion": "New York",
                "postalCode": "10065",
                "addressCountry": "USA"
            }
        }
    ]
}
/subscribe/ — no schema detected (entity gap)
/podcasts/foreign-affairs-interview/ — no schema detected (entity gap)
/issues/archive/2020/ — no schema detected (entity gap)

Your Diagnosis

Before revealing the machine’s verdict, predict the BS score for each signal. Higher = more BS (more fluff, less verifiable substance). Drag each slider, then submit to compare your judgment against the engine.

Information Density 0 / 30
Read the Narrative & headings: do hard facts (prices, dates, numbers) outweigh fluff power-words?
Semantic Coherence 0 / 20
Compare the homepage promise against the sub-page reality. Do they hold the same line?
Trust & Proof 0 / 20
Weigh review mentions against actual external proof links. Claims without verification = theatre.
Commodity Fingerprint 0 / 15
Check headings & narrative against the industry clichés in the setup above.
Identity & Authority 0 / 15
Inspect the schema: is there real Organization/Person identity with sameAs links, or gaps?
Your predicted BS score 0 / 100
💡 Stuck? Reveal the heuristic lens — how the deterministic page-auditor reads each signal (no AI, pure pattern rules)

These are the structural rules a local, deterministic auditor applies — the same lens you can use to judge each signal. They describe what to look for, not this company’s result.

Information Density

Classify each sentence as substantive or hollow. Grounding markers — numbers, currencies, dates, technical units, named entities — outweigh marketing adjectives. When fluff sits right next to hard evidence, the fluff is forgiven.

Semantic Alignment

Pull the main entities out of the H1, then check whether they actually recur through the body. A page that announces one thing and then talks about another drifts. Headings with no real sentences underneath read as pseudo-substance.

Trust & Proof

Count trust words (review, testimonial, rating, verified) against real outbound proof links (Google, Trustpilot, Clutch, G2, Yelp). Lots of trust language with zero verification links is trust theatre. Unlinked logo galleries count against it.

Commodity Fingerprint

Look at how much sentence length varies. Natural writing varies its rhythm; templated or mass-produced copy is statistically uniform. Very low variation reads as commodity content — unless unique named entities break the pattern.

Identity & Authority

Inspect the JSON-LD. Is there an Organization or Person schema, and does it carry sameAs links to real external profiles (LinkedIn, socials)? Missing schema or no identity declaration signals an anonymous entity.

Want to apply this lens yourself? The free BS Indicator Chrome extension runs these heuristic checks live on any page. Bear in mind it is a single-page, deterministic tool — it relies only on pattern rules for the page in front of it and does not perform the cross-page semantic correlation this audit uses, so its readout is a starting lens, not the full verdict.

B
BS Level
Media, News & Publishing
34.7 Avg BS

Based on 830 businesses audited.

BS Detector

Media, News & Publishing BS: Foreign Affairs Magazine (foreignaffairs.com)

https://foreignaffairs.com 📍 Industry: Media, News & Publishing
10 BS / 100

Foreign Affairs is a rare example of a site where the substance exceeds the signal. It operates with almost zero marketing fluff, relying entirely on the pedigree of its contributors and the depth of its archives to establish authority. This is high-authority, low-bullshit publishing.

Info Density Power-words vs. Substance ratio.
2
7% BS
Semantic Coherence Homepage promise vs. Sub-page reality.
1
5% BS
Trust & Proof Verifiable evidence vs. Trust Theatre.
3
15% BS
Commodity Fingerprint Detection of industry clichés/templates.
3
20% BS
Identity & Authority Expert verifiability & Schema depth.
1
7% BS

To reach a near-zero score, explicitly link the review_count to a third-party verification platform like Trustpilot. Ensure the Editorial Standards and Corrections policies mentioned in the industry dictionary are visible as direct links in the footer. Disclose ownership and funding transparency more prominently to satisfy modern newsroom innovation standards.

The website is a textbook example of the Media and Publishing category. The content is entirely composed of editorial analysis, deep-dive reporting, and academic-level discourse on geopolitics, which perfectly aligns with its stated mission.

“The score of 10 is driven by the site's extreme specificity and reliance on named experts. Minor points were deducted only for the lack of external verification links for the on-site review counts and the use of a few generic value proposition phrases on the subscription page.”

Verified Analysis Date: May 30, 2026 © 1EuroSEO Independent Evaluator — Non-Sponsored Result
Brand AI Reputation